קראו בכותר - English Online: Natural Disasters
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Facts and Figures Section Task : Get Ready Preparing a list of FAQs for a community flyer In this section , you will find out about different kinds of natural disasters and what causes them . You will create a list of FAQs ( Frequently Asked Questions ) about a disaster for a community flyer . Get to Know the Facts 1 Read the FAQs and answers to find out what the words in bold mean . Write the sentence with the correct word or phrase in your notebook . FAQs are another way of giving facts using questions and answers . FAQs are found on many Internet sites . Q , How are hurricanes measured ? Hurricanes are measured on the Saffir-Simpson Scale . When you measure something , you find its size or strength / color , When you measure something , you find its size or strength . $ How strong are the winds in Category 1 hurricanes ? Hurricanes that have winds of at least 75 miles ( 120 ) kilometers per hour are called Category 1 hurricanes . When something is part of a category , it is part of a storm / a group . c How do scientists track hurricanes ? Scientists track hurricanes using satellite pictures . To track means to ignore / follow . 13 Do people always feel the movement of the earth during earthquakes ? No , many earthquakes are not strong so people do not feel any movement . Movement is the opposite of standing still / moving quickly . 0 Do earthquakes happen along fault lines ? Yes , because pieces of the earth ' s crust shift , or move , along fault lines . Faults are where the rock in the earth ' s surface is dangerous / broken . f What kind of damage do earthquakes cause ? Earthquakes measuring 5 on the Richter Scale cause a lot of damage , destroying buildings and bridges . Damage is what happens when something is harmed / f ixed . g Why do tornadoes look like spinning clouds ? Tornadoes look like spinning clouds because their strong winds are moving in circles . To spin is to go around / go up and down in the air . Bi Can tornadoes , hurricanes and earthquakes be predicted far in advance ? Hurricanes and earthquakes can be predicted in advance , but tornadoes cannot be predicted far in advance . When you predict something , you don ' t know / say what is going to happen in the future . 2 Which of the facts above are new to you ? Discuss .
Read the encyclopedia entries and find out what makes hurricanes , tornadoes and earthquakes so dangerous . r 7 U / TJC 3 / 76 S are big storms over the ocean . They are caused when the warm water in the ocean meets warm air . The air , water and heat make a spinning system of clouds , rain and wind . When a hurricane strikes land , the rain , strong waves and wind can cause damage to homes , buildings and trees . Hurricanes are measured on the Saffir-Simpson Scale . This scale measures hurricanes by wind speed . Hurricanes are divided into five categories . A Category 1 hurricane has wind speeds of 74-95 miles per hour . A Category 5 hurricane has winds ofat least 155 milesper hour . Meteorologists follow a hurricane ' s progress on satellite pictures . In this way , people are warned when a hurricane is coming . Meteorologists name hurricanes so that they can keep track of them . The names are given in alphabetical order . Both men ' s and women ' s names are used for hurricanes . In some parts of the world , hurricanes are called cyclones and typhoons . The hurricane season is from May to November . TOTDdiJOBS are storms of strong wind over land . They are caused when cold air from the clouds meets warm air rising from the ground . Tornadoes look like spinning , funnel-shaped clouds and they act like giant vacuum cleaners . When they pass over land , they can lift up homes , cars and animals . Tornadoes cannot be forecasted far in advance . When a tornado starts , people have very little time to prepare . Tornadoes are measured on the Fujita Pearson Scale . This scale measures tornadoes by wind speed . An F-0 tornado has wind speeds of 40-72 miles per hour . This type of tornado can cause damage to trees . An F-5 tornado has wind speeds of 300 miles per hour and is so powerful that it can lift homes and cars from the ground . Tornadoes are also called twisters . E 3 rtrKjU 3 kB 5 are sudden shakes on the earth ' s surface . They are caused by shifts in pieces of the earth's crust along fault lines . Earthquakes usually only last for a few minutes , but they can cause a lot of damage . Bridges and buildings are destroyed during strong earthquakes . Sometimes people are caught under the rubble of buildings and need to be rescued . Although scientists are learning a lot about earthquakes , they are still unable to predict where and when earthquakes will happen . Earthquakes are measured on the Richter Scale . This scale measures earthquakes by the strength ofthe earth's movement . Earthquakes below 2 on the Richter Scale are usually not felt by people . An earthquake that measures 5 on the scale causes a lot of damage . An earthquake 0 f 6 or 7 causes deaths and major destruction . In 1 999 , there was an earthquake in Turkey that measured 7 . 4 on the Richter Scale . Over 16 , 000 people were killed , and thousands of people were left homeless . Earthquakes are also called quakes , shakers and seismic activity .
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